• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring an arc process carried out with a burner (7), in particular a welding process, wherein the burner (7) performs a pendulum movement with a pendulum frequency (fP) and with the aid of a burner connected to the burner (7) , at least one monitoring system (27) comprising camera (28) images (Pi) of the surroundings of the arc (13) are recorded with a refresh rate (fB) and the images (Pi) are displayed on a display device (31). In that the shift (Ad) of the current image (P ±) to the previous image (P i-1) is determined, the current image (Pi) by the proportion (Ad ') of the determined displacement (Ad) in the direction of the pendulum motion shifted and the shifted current image (Pi) is displayed, the movement of the images can be compensated according to the pendulum movement of the burner (7).
    公开号:AT511177A1
    申请号:T332/2011
    申请日:2011-03-10
    公开日:2012-09-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Fronius Int Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method for monitoring an arc process carried out with a burner, in particular welding process, wherein the burner performs a pendulum motion with a pendulum frequency, and with the aid of a monitoring system connected to the burner, at least one camera images of the environment of the arc with a picture be recorded and the images are displayed on a display device.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out an above-mentioned method for monitoring a performed with a pendulum movement with a pendulum frequency burner performing arc process, in particular welding process, with a connected to the burner, at least one camera monitoring system for recording images of the environment of the arc at a refresh rate, and a display device for displaying the images.
    Systems for monitoring of arc processes, in particular welding processes, to observe the operation and to draw conclusions about the quality of the work process have been known for some time. For example, by picking up a weld with a camera, the quality of the weld can be assessed and, if necessary, welding parameters can be changed to improve the quality. Such a system is described for example in WO 96/13354 Al.
    In addition, monitoring systems have become known which allow optimum alignment of the welding torch with respect to the workpiece to be machined. Such a monitoring system is known for example from JP 6304754 A.
    The present invention relates not only to welding processes but also to other arc processes, such as methods of processing surfaces,
    Cutting method or application method using arcs, plasma jets or laser beams or combinations thereof.
    In some operations it is necessary or advantageous to move the burner, in particular welding torch, in a pendulum motion over the surface of the workpiece to be machined or over the gap, between two workpieces to be joined. As a result, a faster surface processing or higher Spaltübcrbrückbarkeit can be achieved. In such methods, in which the burner performs a pendulum motion, monitoring of the arc process with conventional methods or devices is possible only with difficulty or with great effort.
    If the monitoring system or at least the camera of the monitoring system as usual connected to the burner, the camera performs the pendulum motion of the burner and thus provides an image in which the workpiece and thus the processed with the arc point (welding process in the welding bead) constantly emotional. From such an image sequence with permanently moving workpiece, the user, such as welders, difficult to see details of the job in progress on the workpiece or already machined locations on the workpiece or work to be machined positions on the workpiece and therefore no reliable conclusions about the quality of the arc process.
    A stagnant image could be achieved if the camera is mounted on its own Mani.pu_l.ator regardless of the torch connected to the manipulator and the burner is synchronized tracked without making the pendulum motion. However, this represents a high design effort.
    A procedural possibility of solving the problem would be the synchronization of the refresh rate of the camera or the monitoring system with the pendulum frequency of the burner. In practice, however, such methods are disadvantageous since the image acquisition by the robot must be triggered. Furthermore, such a synchronization would limit the image repetition frequency to twice the frequency of the pendulum movement upwards, and the oscillating pendulum movement of the burner disappears from the recording.
    The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an above-mentioned method and a corresponding device, by means of which an optimal monitoring of the arc process can also be carried out on burners which make a pendulum movement. The method and the device should be as simple and inexpensive to implement. Disadvantages of the prior art should be avoided or at least reduced.
    The object of the invention is achieved in terms of the method in that a shift of the current image is determined to the previous image, the current image shifted by the proportion of the determined displacement in the direction of the pendulum motion, and the shifted current image is displayed.
    The displacement of the current image may also be negative, i. in the opposite direction of the pendulum movement. The image processing according to the invention thus takes account of and compensates for the shift from one image to the next due to the pendulum movement of the burner which the monitoring system also carries out, as a result of which the normally occurring pendulum movement of the workpiece in the image can be eliminated. This advantageously achieves that now the workpiece or a special feature on the workpiece, such as a weld bead in the case of a welding process, stands still and a part of the burner, in particular the gas nozzle of the burner visible in the edge region of the image, corresponding to the displacement of the image is moved. It can therefore be said that the images are taken directly from the burner and the images are shifted in such a way that the workpiece or a special feature on the workpiece, such as a welding bead in the case of a welding process, stands still but the movement of the burner is shown. The user, for example, welders, can thus optimally observe the environment of the arc or the molten bath, similar to arc processes in which the torch does not oscillate but merely moves forward, and thus draw reliable conclusions about the quality of the arc process. The method can be implemented with relatively little effort in terms of the computing power of the processor responsible for the processing and thus relatively low cost. In addition, existing systems can be retrofitted relatively simply, for example by loading corresponding software onto already existing computers or installing corresponding microcomputers. With the exception of the required computer or microcomputer, no further hardware-technical requirements are necessary. Conventional monitoring systems can be used, which include at least one camera, for example an active pixel sensor (CMOS sensor), and preferably at least one flashlamp or other light source with correspondingly high light intensity in order to achieve high-contrast images despite the bright arc of the arc process. An additional positive effect is obtained in the method according to the invention in that due to the changed light conditions due to the displacement of the monitoring system or the camera illumination unit relative to the workpiece, a kind of 3D effect is achieved by which the quality of the image sequence is further improved and the evaluation of the result of the arc process (eg the welding bead) for the user is further facilitated. There is a quasi 3D effect, since the result of the arc process due to the burner movement with the pendulum frequency from different angles is considered. It is essential here that the user can follow the arc process quasi online with such a method directly, ie only with a very short delay for the image shift calculation and display.
    The shift of the current image to the previous image can be determined by various methods, for example, by correlating the current image with the previous image. In such a rendering process, the result of the cross-correlation of the previous image with the current image is calculated. It is advantageous to carry out this cross-correlation by means of multiplication in the frequency domain, the transformation and inverse transformation being carried out by means of fast Fourier transformation (FFT) or inverse Fast Fourier transformation (IFFT), since this is less computation-intensive compared with the calculation in the image region and thus faster results can be obtained. Due to the correlation method, the displacements between the * * * * * · Μ · »m 5 are determined on the basis of stationary features in the workpiece, which are shown in the current and previous picture
    Reliably determined images. In the case of a welding process, characteristic points in the B.i Id on the already solidified weld bead are particularly suitable for such correlation methods. Also, workpiece holders, weld spatters, etc. can be used as dots. It is important for the reliable determination of the shift from the previous to the current image that the two images sufficiently overlap each other and the area behind the arc process is sufficiently illuminated in order to be able to exactly match the same points in successive images.
    Since the arc following environment is important for the evaluation of the arc process, the images are preferably recorded by the arc trailing environment. This means that the monitoring system is aimed at the area behind the arc. In the case of a welding process, the monitoring system is directed in particular to a solidified region of the welding bead. For better orientation of the user on the resulting images, a part of the burner, such as the gas nozzle, may be included at the edge of the image. This gives the user the information about the pendulum stroke of the burner, since this is shown oscillating according to the invention, wherein that area which has been processed by the arc process, for example, the weld bead, is shown by the displacement of the images substantially stationary.
    If sections of the previous and possibly current picture are formed before the determination of the shift, the correlation and thus the determination of the shift between the pictures can be improved. It is advantageous to choose a smaller section of the previous image, which is correlated with a larger section of the current image or with the entire current image. Regions in the images that do not provide information for the correlation are advantageously excluded. For example, the area of the burner may be eliminated prior to computation from both the previous and current images. After assembling the images, the burner performs the pendulum motion, whereas the spot processed by the arc process, ie the weld bead, for example, is shown in a stationary manner.
    Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the images are filtered and scaled before the displacement is determined. The quality of the images can be improved by appropriate software or hardware-technical filtering of the images, or fluctuations in the illumination can be corrected, and thus a facilitation for the subsequent correlation methods or the like can be achieved. By scaling the images downwards, the computational effort for determining the shift between the images can be reduced.
    In order to prevent the edge of the resulting displayed images from being shifted laterally in the frequency of the pendulum frequency, it is advantageous if only one partial image is displayed. At the same time, the lateral edges of the images are cropped at least by the maximum amplitude around which the burner performs the pendulum motion.
    It is advantageous to determine and correct any drift in the sum of the determined shifts between the images. This can be done by appropriate calculation of the absolute shift and determination of the low-frequency component of the summed shift.
    In order to achieve a better quality of the images, the arc can be shaded accordingly. For this purpose, simple, arranged on the burner or the monitoring system, cover serve. Due to the special positioning of the monitoring system or parts of the monitoring system relative to the burner, the arc itself can be shaded by the burner itself or by the gas nozzle.
    In addition to the representation of the images according to the invention, the actual oscillation frequency of the burner can also be determined from the images and preferably displayed together with the images or partial images. For a reliable determination of the pendulum frequency from the images, the sampling theorem must be satisfied, that is to say the image repetition frequency should be selected to be at least twice as large as the pending frequency. At usual pendulum frequencies up to 5 Hz, this results in a minimum refresh rate of 10 Hz.
    In addition to the representation of the machined by the arc process points of the workpiece, it may be advantageous, even additional process parameters to the appropriate
    Display device. In the case of a welding process, for example, the welding current, the welding voltage, the pulse frequency, the wire feed speed, the wire material or the like can be displayed and thereby provide the user with important additional information. For later evaluations of the data, it may be advantageous to save the images or partial images at most together with the actual pendulum frequency and process parameters.
    Furthermore, it may be advantageous to transfer the images or partial images at most together with the actual pendulum frequency and the process parameters. Such a transmission can be made via appropriate networks to any destination, where an evaluation of the data, for example, for the purpose of improving the quality of the arc process or for statistical purposes, can take place.
    The object of the invention is also achieved by a device mentioned above, in which a device for processing the recorded images is provided, which processing device is designed to determine the displacement of the current image to the previous image, and the display device for representing the by the proportion of formed shift in the direction of the pendulum movement shifted current image is formed. For the achievable with this device advantages, reference is made to the above description of the method.
    The processing device is advantageously designed to form a correlation of a section of the previous picture with the current picture or a section of the current picture. ♦ ♦ · · · »· * * • # * ¢ -
    Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the processing device has an interface, for example an Ethernet or USB interface. Via such interfaces, the data can be transmitted to any location or device.
    In order to monitor the environment behind the arc, the monitoring system for taking pictures of the Lichubo gene trailing environment is attached to the burner accordingly.
    To achieve a better quality of the resulting images, a device for shading the relatively bright arc can be arranged on the burner. As already mentioned above, by appropriate arrangement of the monitoring system itself or parts thereof also directly the gas nozzle can be used for shading of the arc.
    A memory may be provided for archiving the data. In addition to the images and partial images, the possibly determined actual pendulum frequency or process parameters can also be stored.
    Finally, it can be advantageous if a device for transmitting the images and partial images is provided. Such a transmission device can be formed by a connection to a network or a radio device.
    The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    Show in it
    Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a welding machine or a welding device;
    FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for carrying out a method for monitoring a welding process; FIG.
    3 shows a schematic diagram of the images taken in a pendulum welding process; • '' '' '' '' '' * * < 9
    4 shows examples of some images taken in a pendulum welding process;
    5 shows the images or partial images resulting from the application of the method according to the invention to the images according to FIG. 4; FIG. and
    6 is a flow chart illustrating the process of the present invention.
    In Fig.] Is a welding machine 1 or a welding system for a variety of processes or procedures, such. MIG / MAG welding or TIG / TIG welding or electrode welding, double wire / tandem welding, plasma or soldering, etc. are shown.
    The welding apparatus 1 comprises a power source 2 with a power part 3 arranged therein, a control device 4 and other components and lines, not shown, such as a switching element, control valves, etc. The control device 4 is connected, for example, to a control valve which is in a supply line for a Gas 5, in particular a protective gas, such as C03, helium or argon and the like., Between a gas storage 6 and a welding torch 7 and a burner is arranged.
    In addition, a wire feed device 8, which is customary for MIG / MAG welding, can be actuated via the control device 4, whereby a filler material or a welding wire 9 from a supply drum 10 or a wire roll into the area of the welding torch Ί is supplied via a supply line is supplied. Of course, it is possible that the wire feeder 8, as known from the prior art, in the welding device 1, in particular in the housing 11 of the power source 2, is integrated and not, as shown in Fig. 1, as an additional device on a carriage 12th is positioned. Here is spoken of a so-called compact welder 1. In this case, the wire feeder 8 can also be placed directly on the welding device 2, i. the housing 11 of the power source 2 may be formed at the top for receiving the wire feeder 8, so that the carriage 12 may be omitted.
    It is also possible for the wire feeder 8 to supply the welding wire 9 or the additional component outside the welding torch 7 to the process station, with a non-consumable electrode preferably being arranged in the welding torch 7, as is usual in TIG / TIG welding.
    The current for constructing an arc 13, in particular a working arc, between the electrode or the welding wire 9 and a workpiece 14, preferably formed from one or more parts, is supplied via a welding line (not shown) from the power part 3 of the current source 2, the welding torch 7, in particular the electrode or the welding wire 9, supplied, wherein the workpiece to be welded 14 via another welding line (not shown) for the further potential, in particular the ground cable, is connected to the power source 2 and thus via the arc 13 and The formed plasma jet for a process can be built a circuit. When using a burner with internal arc 13, the two welding lines are guided to the burner, so that in the burner, a corresponding circuit can be constructed, as may be the case with plasma burners.
    For cooling the welding torch 7, the welding torch -7 via a Kühigerät 15 with the interposition of any components, such as a flow switch, with a liquid sbehälter, in particular a water tank 16 with a level indicator 17, are connected. During commissioning of the welding torch 7, the cooling device 15, in particular a liquid pump used for the liquid arranged in the water tank 16, is started and thus a cooling of the welding torch 7 is effected. As shown in the Auslauf example shown, the cooling device 15 is positioned on the carriage 12, on which then the power source 2 is placed. The individual components of the welding system, that is, the current source 2, the wire feed device 8 and the cooling device 15, are designed such that they have corresponding projections or recesses, so that they can be safely stacked on each other or placed on each other. • * ft φ · φ «* • · ρ IV * * * * * *
    The welding device 1, in particular the current source 2, furthermore has an input and / or output device 18, via which the most varied welding parameters, operating modes or welding programs of the welding device J can be set or called up and displayed. In this case, the welding parameters, operating modes or welding programs set via the input and / or output device 18 are forwarded to the control device 4 and from this the individual components of the welding system or the welding device 1 are subsequently controlled or corresponding setpoint values for regulation or control are specified. In this case, it is also possible that with the use of a corresponding welding torch 7 adjusting operations can also be carried out via the welding torch 7, with the welding torch 7 being equipped with a welding torch input and / or output device 19 for this purpose. In this case, the welding torch 7 is preferably connected via a data bus, in particular a serial data bus, to the welding device 1, in particular the current source 2 or the wire feed device 8. For starting the welding process, the welding torch 7 usually has a start switch (not shown), so that the arc 13 can be ignited by actuating the start switch. In order to be protected against the high heat radiation from the arc 13, it is possible that the welding torch 7 is equipped with a hit-zeschutzschild 20.
    Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, the welding torch 7 is connected via a hose package 21 to the welding device 1 or the welding system, wherein the hose package 21 is attached to the welding torch 7 via a bend protection 22. In the hose package 21, the individual lines, such as the supply line or lines for the welding wire 9, for the gas 5, for the cooling circuit, for data transmission, etc., arranged by the welding machine 1 to the welding torch 7, whereas the ground cable preferred is connected separately to the StromqueJ1e 2. The hose package 2J is connected via a coupling device, not shown, to the power source 2 or the wire feeder 8, whereas the individual lines are secured in the hose assembly 21 with a kink protection on or in the welding torch 7. In order for a corresponding train to arrive, it is necessary for the train to be "".
    is ensured, the hose assembly 21 via a strain relief device (not shown) may be connected to the housing 11 of the power source 2 or the wire feeder 8.
    In principle, not all components named above must be used or used for the different welding methods or welding devices 1, such as, for example, TIG devices or MIG / MAG devices or plasma devices. Thus, it is possible, for example, that the welding torch 7 can be designed as an air-cooled welding torch 7, so that, for example, the cooling device 15 can be dispensed with. It can thus be said that the welding device 1 is formed at least by the current source 2, and the wire feed device 8, possibly also by the cooling device 15, wherein these components can also be arranged in a common housing 11. Furthermore, it is possible that even more parts or components, such as a grinding contactor 23 on the wire feeder 8 or an option carrier 24 on a holding device 25 for the gas storage 6, etc., can be arranged or used.
    FIG. 2 shows, by way of example, a welding torch 7 for carrying out a welding process. During the welding process, an arc 13 is ignited between the welding torch 7 and the workpiece to be machined and, with the aid of a material fed via a welding wire 9, a gap is bridged between two workpieces or the surface of the workpiece is coated, ie an arc process is carried out. For large gap widths or wide surfaces, it may be advantageous if the welding torch 7 is guided in a pendulum motion over the workpiece or the gap between two workpieces. As a result of the welding process, a weld bead 26 is shown. For monitoring the welding process, a monitoring system 27 is attached to the welding torch 7. The monitoring system 27 comprises at least one camera 28 and preferably a light source 29. The light source 29 is formed, for example, by a flash lamp which emits light flashes synchronously with the opening of the aperture of the camera 28 in order to achieve images of sufficient quality despite the relatively bright arc 13 can. The welding torch 7 is above 13 13
    * Not connected, fastening devices are connected to a robotic arm. Via a hose package 21, the lines and feeds for the protective gas and the welding wire 9 are guided to a welding device 1. The lines of the monitoring system 27 can also be routed to a corresponding processing device 30 via the same hose package 21 or a separate hose package. In this processing device 30, the processing according to the invention of the images for monitoring the arc process takes place. The corresponding processed images are displayed on a display device 31. The display device 31 may be disposed in the vicinity of the welding apparatus 1 or also remotely. In addition, the processing device 30 may be connected to a memory 32 for storing the images as well as any further data, such as process data. To obtain the process data, it is advantageous if the welding device 1 is connected to the processing device 30, as shown by the dotted line. In order to enable transmission of the images as well as data derived therefrom and any process data to any destinations, the processing device 30 can be connected to a transmission device 33. The transmission device 33 may be formed by a network connection or also a transmission device for the wireless transmission of the data (not shown). In addition, the processing device 30 may have an interface 34 via which data can be transmitted to other locations or external data can also be received.
    Fig. 3 shows the principle of monitoring an arc process in which the burner 7 performs a pendulum motion. In the case of a welding process, the burner 7 is moved along the dashed sinusoidal path with a given pendulum frequency fv and pendulum amplitude A. The pendulum frequency fbj can be variable. With a fixed to the burner 7 camera 28 images P ± are taken at a predetermined frame rate fa, which are shifted laterally according to the pendulum movement of the burner 7 and moved in accordance with the feed rate of the burner 7 in the forward direction of the arc process. The current picture P; is symbolized by a solid line, while the previous one
    Pictures P; _i etc. are shown by dashed lines or dash-dotted lines. If the image sequence of the images Pi were then displayed on a display device 31, the welding bead 26 would reciprocate according to the pendulum frequency f (, reciprocate on the sinusoidal path and it would only be very difficult to observe it.
    4 shows as an example four images Pi_3 to Pj of such an image sequence, which would result without the use of the method according to the invention. The welding bead 26 moves from the perspective of the camera 28 from one image P: to the next back and forth, wherein the at least partially visible in the image P._ gas nozzle G of the burner 7 is a fixed point. By wandering the weld bead 26, therefore, no accurate observation of the welding result is possible. On the basis of the current picture Px and the previous picture Pj-ι the method according to the invention will now be explained in more detail. The shift Ad between the current image P ± and the previous image Pj_j is determined, for example, by correlating the two images Pi, Pj-. For this purpose, preferably the cross-correlation between a section P, _η 'of the previous picture P ^ i and a section P, 1 of the current picture B.] Of the PL or the entire current picture Pj. calculated. Accordingly, the position of the section PA 'in each image P, is the same, ie fixed to the fixed point of the image P ^ Here, the cross-correlation is preferably carried out via a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm and a multiplication in the frequency space with subsequent inverse transformation, which in contrast to other methods for calculating the cross-correlation less computationally intensive and thus reduces the effort. By forming a section PL_: 'of the previous image Pj_i, areas of the image Pi-i which are not relevant or even difficult for the correlation method can be eliminated. For example, the region of the gas nozzle G and of the arc can be eliminated or eliminated for the purpose of calculation, and that section P 1 -. of the image Pi "i be used for the calculation method in which correspondingly prominent points x are to be expected, by means of which the displacement Ad can be determined more easily. This is in the case of a welding process, in the arc trailing environment of the case where the weld bead 26 already solidifies or at least * * * * * * * ft »* * * * * · · · · Is partially solidified. English:. German: v3.espacenet.com/textdoc Accordingly, by setting a receiving area or the section of the monitoring system 27, the prominent points or the position of the cutout PM 'can be adjusted. As a result of the calculation, the shift Ad between two prominent points X results in the sections Pi-i1, Pi of the pictures Ρ ^, P ·. in two-dimensional space. The displacement Ad or the displacement vector has a component Ad * in the x-direction and a component Ady in the y-direction.
    According to the method of the invention, the current image It is compared to the previous image P ^, that portion Ad 'or the amount of displacement Ad or the displacement vector, which includes the Pendelbewequng in the direction of the pendulum movement (or in the opposite direction) , according to the displacement Ad determined from the sections Pi 'of the images Pi. This is because the welding bead 26 is moved in the cutout Pi 'or, in the picture P: against the pendulum motion and thus has to be tracked in pendulum motion. The weld bead 26 is thus moved in the image Pi so that it is congruent with the weld bead 26 of the previous image P ^ i. Thus, the movement of the weld bead 26 resulting from the pendulum motion is eliminated and the pure forward motion remains visible.
    As a result, an image sequence as shown in Fig. 5 results. The weld bead 26 is thus located substantially in the middle in all images and does not move. The pendulum movement of the weld bead 26 was eliminated from the images P *. In order to avoid that the edges of the images in the representation move back and forth or indistinct areas in the images result, only partial images P, '' are displayed. In this case, a trimming of the images P ^ at their edges according to the hatched areas in each case by at least the pendulum amplitude. In the partial images Pi '', the area which is at most hidden for calculating the displacement, such as the gas nozzle G, is shown again. As a result of the welding bead 26 being displaced, the blanked area is likewise shifted correspondingly about the attachment Ad 'of the displacement Ad, which includes the pendulum movement. This ensures that the user 16 can see the stationary welding bead well and at the same time can extract the pendulum movement of the gas nozzle G from it. Thus, with the method according to the invention, the movements of the welding bead 26 detected by the monitoring system 27 are transmitted to the burner 7.
    Fic. 6 shows an embodiment of the method according to the invention with reference to a flowchart. After starting the monitoring of the arc process corresponding to step 100, the first image P- :, which has been recorded with the monitoring system or has been buffered, is loaded (step 101). In an optional processing step 102, the image may be filtered or scaled. With the thereby formed cutout Pi 'of the image Plf in which, for example, at least the gas nozzle is hidden, the subsequent processing is facilitated. According to step 103, from the sections Pi ', Pi-i1 of the current pictures P; and the previous image Pi_i (step 104) determines the shift Ad or the displacement vector, which can be done by a cross-correlation method. According to step 105, the current image Pj is shifted by the determined proportion Ad 'of the displacement Ad in the direction of the pendulum motion. Thereafter, in a further processing step 106, a partial image P ,: '1 of the image Pi can be formed and displayed on a display device 31 (see step 107).
    The actual pendulum frequency fP can be determined from the image sequence in accordance with step 108 and likewise displayed on the display device 31. The process between steps 101 and 107 is repeated throughout the arc process.
    After completion of the arc process, the process is terminated according to step 109.
    The inventive method allows optimal monitoring of an arc process even with a pendulum movement of the burner 7, with which the arc is generated. The monitoring system 27 is attached to the burner 7 and performs with this the pendulum motion. However, the image evaluation is carried out in such a way that the weld bead 26 is indicated to be stationary by a displacement of the images Pi, thereby enabling optimum observation of the welding process, in particular the formation of the weld bead 26. The image pickup is preferably set up in such a way that a part of the burner 7, in particular a part of the gas nozzle G, protrudes into the recorded image. The part of the burner 7 can be hidden for the calculation of the shift, but not in the resulting image Ih.
    The receiving area is preferably chosen such that a certain length of the solidified weld bead 26 is opened in the case of a welding process, since this ensures that there are significant points for the calculation of the shift in the recorded pictures P2 if the workpiece does not contain them. For example, the scaling of the weld bead 26 or the slag that forms can be used as a guide. For example, 1/3 liquid weld bead and 2/3 solidified weld bead are included in image Pi.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    18 • «« «« «« «··· 9 ······························································································································································· The invention relates to a method for monitoring an arc process carried out with a burner (7), in particular a welding process, wherein the burner (7) carries out a pendulum movement with a pendulum frequency (fP) and with the aid of a burner (7) connected to the at least one camera (28) monitoring system (2 '' /) images (P;) of the vicinity of the arc (13) with a refresh rate (fß) are recorded and the images (Pi) on a display device (31 ), characterized in that a shift (Ad) of the current image (P.) to the previous image (P,.,) is determined, the current image (Pi) by the proportion (Ad1) of the determined displacement (Ad) moved in the direction of the pendulum motion, and the shifted current image (Pi) is displayed.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement by correlation of the current image (Pi) with the previous image (Pi-χ) is determined.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the images (Pi) of the arc (13) trailing environment are recorded.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that prior to the determination of the shift (Ad) sections (P, _, ', Pj') of the previous and possibly current image (Pi-i, Pi) are formed.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the images (ΡΑ) before the determination of the shift (Ad) are filtered and scaled.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a partial image (pv *) of the image (P,) is displayed.
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a drift of the sum of the determined displacements (Ad) is determined and corrected. 19 • «•« • ·
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the arc (13} is shaded.
    [9]
    9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the actual pendulum frequency (fP) determined from the images (Pi) and preferably together with the images (Pj) or partial images (P, '') is displayed.
    [10]
    10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the image refresh rate (fB) is at least twice as large as the pendulum frequency (fP) is selected.
    [11]
    11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in addition to the images {PJ or partial images (Pi '') process parameters are displayed.
    [12]
    12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the images (PJ or subpictures (Pj '') at most together with the actual pendulum frequency (fP) and process parameters are stored.
    [13]
    13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the images (PJ or partial images (P, '')) are possibly transmitted together with the actual pendulum frequency (fP) and process parameters.
    [14]
    14. Apparatus for carrying out a method for monitoring an arc process carried out with a torch (7) performing a pendulum movement with a pendulum frequency (f), in particular welding process, according to one of claims 1 to 13, with one connected to the burner (7), at least one camera (28) comprising monitoring system (27) for receiving images (Pi) of the environment of the arc (13) with a refresh rate £ fj, and a display device (31) for displaying the images (PJ, characterized in that a device (30) is provided for processing the recorded images (PJ, which processing device (30) is designed to determine the displacement (Δά) of the current image (Pi) to the previous image (P, J). »• * * * · · · *« «•» * · · · · 20 ................ and the display device (31) 2urface representation of the part (Ad1) the determined shift (Ad ) is formed in the direction of the pendulum movement shifted current image (Pi).
    [15]
    15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the processing device (30) for forming a correlation of a section (Ρι_π 1) of the previous image (Pi i) with the current image (Pi) or a section (P; ') of the current Image (Pi) is formed.
    [16]
    16. The apparatus of claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the processing device (30) has an interface (34).
    [17]
    17. Device according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the monitoring system (27) for receiving images (P *) of the arc (13) trailing environment on the burner (7) is attached.
    [18]
    18. Device according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that on the burner (7) a device for shading the arc (13) is arranged.
    [19]
    19. Device according to one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that a memory (32) for storing the images (Pi) or partial images (P ± '') is provided.
    [20]
    20. Device according to one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that a device (33) for transmitting the images (Pi) or partial images (Pi1 r) is provided.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN103370162A|2013-10-23|
    EP2640542A1|2013-09-25|
    WO2012119170A1|2012-09-13|
    CN103370162B|2014-11-26|
    AT511177B1|2015-12-15|
    EP2640542B1|2016-11-16|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA332/2011A|AT511177B1|2011-03-10|2011-03-10|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING AN ARCING PROCESS|ATA332/2011A| AT511177B1|2011-03-10|2011-03-10|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING AN ARCING PROCESS|
    CN201280007524.2A| CN103370162B|2011-03-10|2012-03-09|Device and method for monitoring an arc process|
    EP12712536.7A| EP2640542B1|2011-03-10|2012-03-09|Device and method for monitoring an arc process|
    PCT/AT2012/000057| WO2012119170A1|2011-03-10|2012-03-09|Device and method for monitoring an arc process|
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